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1.
Arch Esp Urol ; 73(7): 593-599, 2020 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32886074

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Perform a detailed anatomopathological analysis of consecutive surgical specimens in men with clinically very low risk prostate cancer according to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) criteria.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 799 prostate cancer patients who under went radical prostatectomy between January 2005 and December 2013. We identified 81 consecutive patients with clinically very low risk prostate cancer. The slides of the patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were re-reviewed. The parameters studied were: pathological stage, histological grade by Gleason score (GSS), margins involvement, tumor percentage (PT), and number of apparently independent tumor foci (FT). RESULTS: The patients had organ-confined tumors in almost all of them (pT2: 97.5%). Most of the cancers studied were bilateral (pT2c: 67.9%), multifocal (FT≥2:88.8%), with a low tumor percentage (PTand with a low Gleason Score (GSS≤6: 91,3%). Non-confined disease: 2.5%, all cases extra-prostatic extension (pT3a). GSS>6: 8,6%, all cases GSS7 (3+4). CONCLUSIONS: The NCCN criteria for very low risk prostate cancer help to make a good selection of non-aggressive tumors and are a useful tool for including patients in an active surveillance program.


OBJETIVO: Realizar un análisis patológic odetallado de las piezas de prostatectomía radical en pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer de próstata de muy bajo riesgo según los criterios de la NCCN. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: El estudio incluye 799 pacientes con cáncer de próstata a los que se realizó una prostatectomía radical entre 2005 y 2013. 81 pacientes con cáncer de próstata clínicamente de muy bajo riesgo fueron identificados. Las laminillas de los pacientes identificados fueron revisadas. Los parámetros estudiados fueron: estadio patológico, grado de Gleason, márgenes quirúrgicos, % de tumor, y el numero de focos tumorales aparentemente independientes. RESULTADOS: La gran mayoría de pacientes presentaron tumores órgano-confinados (pT2: 97,5%). El 68% de los canceres fue bilateral (pT2c), multifocal (mas de2 focos 88%), con un porcentaje tumoral de menos del 10% en el 80% de los casos y mas del 90% con Gleason 6. La enfermedad no órgano-confinada se evidencio en 2,5% pT3a. CONCLUSIONES: Los criterios de NCCN para muy bajo riesgo nos ayudan a clasificar pacientes con tumores poco agresivos y son una buena herramienta para seleccionar pacientes para programas de vigilancia activa.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Próstata , Humanos , Masculino , Gradação de Tumores , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Antígeno Prostático Específico , Prostatectomia
2.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 73(7): 593-599, sept. 2020. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-195957

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Realizar un análisis patológico detallado de las piezas de prostatectomía radical en pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer de próstata de muy bajo riesgo según los criterios de la NCCN. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: El estudio incluye 799 pacientes con cáncer de próstata a los que se realizó una prostatectomía radical entre 2005 y 2013. 81 pacientes con cáncer de próstata clínicamente de muy bajo riesgo fueron identificados. Las laminillas de los pacientes identificados fueron revisadas. Los parámetros estudiados fueron: estadio patológico, grado de Gleason, márgenes quirúrgicos, % de tumor, y el numero de focos tumorales aparentemente independientes. RESULTADOS: La gran mayoría de pacientes presentaron tumores órgano-confinados (pT2: 97,5%). El 68% de los canceres fue bilateral (pT2c), multifocal (mas de 2 focos 88%), con un porcentaje tumoral de menos del 10% en el 80% de los casos y mas del 90% con Gleason 6. La enfermedad no órgano-confinada se evidencio en 2,5% pT3a. CONCLUSIONES: Los criterios de NCCN para muy bajo riesgo nos ayudan a clasificar pacientes con tumores poco agresivos y son una buena herramienta para seleccionar pacientes para programas de vigilancia activa


OBJECTIVE: Perform a detailed anatomopathological analysis of consecutive surgical specimens in men with clinically very low risk prostate cancer according to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 799 prostate cancer patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between January 2005 and December 2013. We identified 81 consecutive patients with clinically very low risk prostate cancer. The slides of the patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were re-reviewed. The parameters studied were: pathological stage, histological grade by Gleason score (GSS), margins involvement, tumor percentage (PT), and number of apparently independent tumor foci (FT). RESULTS: The patients had organ-confined tumors in almost all of them (pT2: 97.5%). Most of the cancers studied were bilateral (pT2c: 67.9%), multifocal (FT≥2: 88.8%), with a low tumor percentage (PT<10%: 80.2%) and with a low Gleason Score (GSS≤6: 91,3%). Non-confined disease: 2.5%, all cases extra-prostatic extension (pT3a). GSS>6: 8,6%, all cases GSS7(3+4). CONCLUSIONS: The NCCN criteria for very low risk prostate cancer help to make a good selection of non-aggressive tumors and are a useful tool for including patients in an active surveillance program


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Gradação de Tumores , Medição de Risco , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Prostatectomia/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Biópsia , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Carga Tumoral
3.
Rev. esp. patol ; 53(1): 66-70, ene.-mar. 2020. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-195579

RESUMO

Se presenta el caso de un varón de 67 años con tumoración cortical nodular renal izquierda. Fue intervenido quirúrgicamente por crecimiento tumoral progresivo de 16-20mm a lo largo de un año y tras seguimiento por estudio ecográfico y de resonancia magnética. Se practicó tumorectomía del nódulo y en el examen microscópico se observó una formación bien delimitada y no encapsulada, resultante de proliferación tumoral de células fusiformes sin atipias y de apariencia muscular lisa, que adoptaban disposición arremolinada junto a zonas ricamente vascularizadas. En el estudio inmunohistoquímico, en la proliferación fusocelular se demostró positividad para marcadores musculares (actina de músculo liso, desmina y caldesmón) y marcadores melanocíticos (HMB-45 y Melan A). Nuestro caso parece tratarse de una neoplasia renal de patrón angioleiomiomatoso, pero con características inmunohistoquímicas de angiomiolipoma (PEComa) sin componente lipomatoso o lipídico, tipo de tumoración sobre la que no poseemos información previa en la literatura revisada


We present a case of a 67 year old male with a cortical nodular tumour of the left kidney. During a year's follow-up with ultrasound and MRI, the tumour was seen to increase in size by 16-20 mm. The nodule was surgically removed. Microscopically it was well defined and unencapsulated, with a proliferation of typical fusiform cells of smooth muscle cell appearance, clumped around well vascularized areas. Immunohistochemically, the neoplasm was positive for muscle markers (smooth muscle actin, desmin and caldesmon) and melanocyte markers (HMB-45 and Melan A). Our case would appear to be a renal neoplasm with an angioleiomyomatous pattern, but with immunohistochemical characteristics of angiomyolipoma (PEComa), however, without either a lipomatous or lipid cell component. We found no previous reports of this type of tumour in the literature


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Angiomioma/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/diagnóstico , Angiomioma/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Imuno-Histoquímica
4.
Rev Esp Patol ; 53(1): 66-70, 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31932013

RESUMO

We present a case of a 67 year old male with a cortical nodular tumour of the left kidney. During a year's follow-up with ultrasound and MRI, the tumour was seen to increase in size by 16-20 mm. The nodule was surgically removed. Microscopically it was well defined and unencapsulated, with a proliferation of typical fusiform cells of smooth muscle cell appearance, clumped around well vascularized areas. Immunohistochemically, the neoplasm was positive for muscle markers (smooth muscle actin, desmin and caldesmon) and melanocyte markers (HMB-45 and Melan A). Our case would appear to be a renal neoplasm with an angioleiomyomatous pattern, but with immunohistochemical characteristics of angiomyolipoma (PEComa), however, without either a lipomatous or lipid cell component. We found no previous reports of this type of tumour in the literature.


Assuntos
Angiomiolipoma/patologia , Angiomioma/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Idoso , Angiomioma/química , Angiomioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Neoplasias Renais/química , Neoplasias Renais/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino
5.
Rev. esp. patol ; 52(2): 87-91, abr.-jun. 2019. ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-182694

RESUMO

We present a case of a nasal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) in a 27-year-old male with epistaxis and nasal obstruction due to a mass, which was subjected to prophylactic tumor embolization. However, histopathological study on the nasal biopsy was impossible due to necrotic changes. As blast cells were present in peripheral blood samples, a bone marrow biopsy was recommended in order to reach a definitive diagnosis. The possibility of an RMS in cases of bone marrow infiltration by a diffuse tumor constituted by small, round, blast-like cells mimicking acute leukemia should be assessed. Immunohistochemical staining in bone marrow biopsy and flow cytometry in aspirate samples may help to establish the diagnosis (CD45 negativity and CD56 positivity) and cytogenetic studies can be useful in identifying a RMS subtype. When clinically possible, it is desirable to await the results of the tumor immunophenotype and those of the primary mass or bone marrow biopsy to avoid possible errors of diagnosis and treatment


Se presenta el caso de un rabdomiosarcoma (RMS) en un varón de 27 años de edad con cuadro de epistaxis y obstrucción por masa nasal, que fue sometido a embolización tumoral profiláctica. El estudio en sangre periférica, fundamentalmente por la detección de células de apariencia blástica, recomendó biopsia de médula ósea que fue determinante para el diagnóstico, debido a que la embolización tumoral en la biopsia nasal, invalidó por cambios necróticos su estudio histopatológico. Se debe evaluar la posibilidad diagnóstica de un RMS, en casos de infiltración de médula ósea por un tumor difuso constituido por células pequeñas, redondas y similares a blastos que imitan una leucemia aguda. La tinción inmunohistoquímica en la biopsia de médula ósea y la citometría de flujo en muestras de aspirado, pueden ayudar a establecer el diagnóstico (negatividad CD45 y positividad CD56) y los estudios citogenéticos pueden ayudar a diferenciar el subtipo de RMS. Cuando sea clínicamente posible, se debe esperar a los resultados del inmunofenotipo celular del tumor y los de la masa primaria o la biopsia de la médula ósea, para así evitar posibles errores de diagnóstico y tratamiento


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Rabdomiossarcoma Embrionário/patologia , Neoplasias da Medula Óssea/patologia , Neoplasias da Medula Óssea/secundário , Metástase Neoplásica/patologia , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial
6.
Rev Esp Patol ; 52(2): 87-91, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30902383

RESUMO

We present a case of a nasal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) in a 27-year-old male with epistaxis and nasal obstruction due to a mass, which was subjected to prophylactic tumor embolization. However, histopathological study on the nasal biopsy was impossible due to necrotic changes. As blast cells were present in peripheral blood samples, a bone marrow biopsy was recommended in order to reach a definitive diagnosis. The possibility of an RMS in cases of bone marrow infiltration by a diffuse tumor constituted by small, round, blast-like cells mimicking acute leukemia should be assessed. Immunohistochemical staining in bone marrow biopsy and flow cytometry in aspirate samples may help to establish the diagnosis (CD45 negativity and CD56 positivity) and cytogenetic studies can be useful in identifying a RMS subtype. When clinically possible, it is desirable to await the results of the tumor immunophenotype and those of the primary mass or bone marrow biopsy to avoid possible errors of diagnosis and treatment.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Medula Óssea/patologia , Neoplasias da Medula Óssea/secundário , Neoplasias Nasais/patologia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/patologia , Rabdomiossarcoma Embrionário/patologia , Rabdomiossarcoma Embrionário/secundário , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino
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